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By Zainab Sohail Raja, Farah Mehmood, Syeda Ayesha Absar Hussain, Mohsin Fazal
ABSTRACT The most prevalent types of odontogenic cysts are radicular cysts, usually present adjacent to the apex of non-vital teeth, developing from epithelial rest cells of Malassez (ERM). They are the most common inflammatory cyst in the jaw but are uncommonly seen in paediatric maxilla with a pr...
By Ameena Shahwar, Jawad Jahangir, Mudassar Fiaz, Laraib Rasul
ABSTRACT Pressure colostogram is an important investigation in patients of anorectal malformations with colostomy. It provides information about the type of anorectal malformation and the location of fistula, if any, thus helping in planning for a surgery. High-pressure distal colostogram-related pe...
By Muhammad Ali Asghar, Syed Muhammad Hussain Rizvi, Bushra Salim
ABSTRACT Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is an uncommon and potentially fatal condition caused by an abnormal linking between the oesophagus and the trachea or bronchus. TEF is a relatively rare complication of esophagectomy with a reported incidence of 0.3%. Patients with TEF are at risk of malnutr...
By Zia Ul Mazhry, Laiba Asif, Muhammad Abdullah Mazhry, Muhammad Saeed
ABSTRACT A 16-year boy sought a second opinion for bilateral, gradual, and painless visual impairment, initially diagnosed as keratoconus. Despite a previous clinical diagnosis, a careful examination and corneal topography excluded keratoconus. Distant direct ophthalmoscopy revealed a central symmet...
ABSTRACT Linear lichen planus (LP), or more precisely Blaschkoid LP, is a rare manifestation of LP that occurs more often in children and adolescents. The term linear LP encompasses true linear LP which appears as linear plaques, zosteriform LP which appears in dermatomal pattern, and Blaschkoid LP ...
By Awais Abbas, Qalab Abbas, Naveed ur Rehman Siddiqui, Aniqa Abdul Rasool
ABSTRACT Ectopic tracheal bronchus, also known as a bronchial variant or accessory bronchus, is a rare congenital malformation. It refers to an abnormal bronchus originating as an additional tracheal outgrowth early in embryonic life, commonly from the lateral wall of trachea above the carina. It is...
By Versha Rani Rai, Sanagar Ali, Moshina Noor Ibrahim, Zubair Khoso Ahmed
ABSTRACT This case report presents the diagnostic journey and management of a 1-year male child who presented with precocious puberty (PP) and a swelling in the left hip region. PP is described as the development of pubertal changes at a younger age specifically before the age of 8 years in girls an...
By Aniqa Saeed, Muhammad Hammad Ather
ABSTRACT Crossed fused renal ectopia is a rare congenital fusion anomaly of the kidneys where one kidney is fused with the contralateral kidney. Most of the cases are asymptomatic and present as an incidental finding secondary to obstruction, stones, and tumours. Crossed fused kidneys do not need s...
By Versha Rani Rai, Moshina Noor Ibrahim, Roomesa Farooq, Maira Riaz, Heeranand Rathore
ABSTRACT Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a disorder marked by the hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands, causing excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is vital for calcium and phosphorus balance, but in PHPT, overproduction disrupts this equilibrium, elevating serum calcium a...
By Nauman Ijaz Bhatti, Ahmed Uzair, Sama Kamran, Zoha Toor, Osama Ahmed
ABSTRACT Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an autosomal recessive condition characterised by abnormal ciliary motion, leading to impaired mucus clearance resulting in recurrent sinopulmonary infections, otitis media, and infertility. Kartagener syndrome (KS), a subset of PCD, presents with situs i...
ABSTRACT Acute calculus gangrenous cholecystitis is always treated with Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) following magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) or limited LC after percutaneous cholecystostomy tube. In rare cases, MRCP cannot be performed preoperatively due to metal hemostatic...
By Zainab Qadir, Najia Ahmed, Ammara Hameed, Tariq Mahmood Malik
ABSTRACT Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) and xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) both are examples of genodermatoses. Although no association is identified between XP and EV in the literature, both are genetic disorders with cutaneous manifestations and related to mutations in DNA repair genes. We descr...
By Atif Rafique, Ambreen Arshad, Sharafuddin Aisha Abdulwahab, Syed Yasin Kadri
ABSTRACT We present a case of a 15-year girl, right-hand dominant, who presented with soft tissue swelling with intense pain localised to the ulnar aspect of the right thumb. The swelling was highly sensitive to touch and the pain was unbearable at night. The patient’s past medical and surgica...
By Maliha Nadeem, Sajid Iqbal Nayyar, Hamza Malik, Imran Hashim, Nabila Talat
ABSTRACT An omental cyst is a benign proliferation of lymphatic tissue. Its wall lacks smooth muscle and lymphatic spaces. It usually arises from the greater or lesser omentum. The classical presentation is partial intestinal obstruction combined with a palpable, freely movable abdominal mass. The o...
By Anjly Ahuja, Eraj Aftab, Rija Rizvi, Naila Raza, Suman Raj
ABSTRACT Cryptococcal infection is a common opportunistic fungal infection, mostly affecting immunocompromised people, and is usually associated with HIV infection. In immunocompromised individuals, it is the world’s second leading cause of death after tuberculosis. The infection rate in immun...
By Nuzhat Faqir Hussain, Tayyab Naeem, Arham Amir, Amir Jamil
ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) exhibit uncontrolled growth in the digestive system's stromal tissue, posing diagnostic challenges due to diverse symptoms. Often stemming from KIT or PDGFRA gene mutations, the spindle cell type is predominant among GISTs. A 51-year female prese...
By Xinping Liang, Jinlian Song, Wenjie Li, Zhenni Wang
ABSTRACT We performed a cytologic examination of pleural fluid smear with Wright's stain and observed the features of the sample under a microscope to investigate the significance of finding Curschmann’s spirals (CSs) in pleural effusions. We found a large number of neutrophils alongside ...
By Muhammad Tahir Khan, Rewati Raman, Mahwish Shoaib, Gohar Jahangeer
ABSTRACT An uncommon and intriguing radiological representation of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWW), a rare Mullerian duct anomaly, is presented in this case report. Uterine didelphys, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis are the three characteristics that define HWW. This ca...
By Wasif Farman, Muhammad Kamran Khan
ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in incidence in Pakistan due to the high prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections. Majority of cases present at the advanced stage and are out of the curative treatment options. Local invasion into the biliary ducts and involvement of adj...
By Yuqi Huang, Joyce Wai-Ting Chiu, Si Shen, Nana Pei, Wei Zhang
ABSTRACT Primary small cell carcinoma (SmCC) of the breast is a rare type of breast cancer (BC) and a histological subtype of neuroendocrine BC. There is no standard treatment method, and the prognosis is unknown. It needs to be differentiated from lung metastases. Here, we report a case of a 52-yea...
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